Moreover, given the robust positive correlation between the IFN signaling in DCs and the activation of the JAK-STAT pathway in cancer cells, T cells, and macrophages, the increased IFN activity in HRD cancers might serve as an activator of the JAK-STAT pathway and is accompanied by the upregulation of HLA gene and immune co-inhibitory molecules such as PD-L1 [45, 105]. Here, IFNA1 is linked to cancer.