ATF4 and cancer: Among these adaptations, metabolic reprogramming plays a central role in enabling cancer cells to survive and thrive under harsh microenvironmental conditions by fulfilling energy demands, maintaining intracellular homeostasis, and driving biosynthetic processes (Tumor acidosis: from the passenger to the driver’s seat; ATF4-Induced Metabolic Reprograming Is a Synthetic Vulnerability of the p62-Deficient Tumor Stroma).