TNF and neoplasm: While TNF-α/NF-κB signaling has been shown to have both pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic properties based on cell/tumor lineage37, in our TP53-altered (R273C) EC cell line, we observed a decrease in the expression of genes associated with TNF-α/NF-κB signaling, as well as other apoptosis-related genes when treated with radiation.