Consistent with the phenotypic association with ciliopathy, examination of primary cilia in both tissue sections and primary culture samples from E18.5 and adult Rab23 conditional KO mice revealed profound ciliary anomalies in selective mature neuronal populations; and relatively moderate yet statistically significant ciliary perturbations in embryonic fibroblasts, cortical neural progenitor cells, cortical intermediate progenitor neurons, and chondrocytes. The gene discussed is RAB23; the disease is ciliopathy.