MMP1 and lung carcinoma: Similarly, the cumulative presence of variants in oxidative stress-related genes such as GSTM1, MPO, OGG1, TP53, and MMP1 was associated with a markedly increased risk of lung cancer in a Thai population, particularly among women, suggesting that inherited deficiencies in ROS-handling mechanisms may exacerbate the effects of environmental exposures like radon and passive smoking (82).