For instance, five variants in or near TM6SF2, PNPLA3, HFE, APOE, and MTARC1 had comparably larger effects on HCC than on hepatic steatosis (p <0.05 by Cochran’s Q test), while HCC-associated variants in HSD17B13, KLF15, and TERT did not significantly associate with steatosis. Here, PNPLA3 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.