In the early stages of ALI, intratracheal administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces necrosis of alveolar macrophages and releases IL-1α, compromising the integrity of pulmonary endothelial cells (PEC) and facilitating neutrophil extravasation, thus exacerbating ALI progression (Dagvadorj et al., 2015). This evidence concerns the gene IL1A and acute respiratory distress syndrome.