GCG and depressive symptom measurement: In the present study, 5.8% of participants were on antidepressant medications compared to 12.7% in the Saudi general population, the lower rate could be explained by the fact that some physicians were concerned about GLP-1 agonists prescription to patients with depression due to the reported association with suicidality (Alhabeeb et al., 2023; Sam et al., 2011).