UROD and viral infectious disease: Triggering factors include excessive alcohol consumption - alcohol can precipitate porphyria symptoms, particularly in predisposed individuals; estrogen exposure - hormonal therapies containing estrogens may trigger symptoms in susceptible individuals; viral infections - hepatitis C is the viral infection most commonly associated with the development of PCT, though HIV may also play a role; iron overload (including hemochromatosis) - excess iron in the body can inhibit UROD activity, contributing to PCT development; autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus [3].