Tumor-associated ECs play a significant role in various processes including angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, immunosuppression, and chemoresistance through the secretion of multiple factors such as nitric oxide (NO), placental growth factor, angiopoietin 2 (ANGPT2), VEGFA, FGF2, and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF).67 The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is neoplasm.