Many oncoviral proteins bind directly or indirectly to ubiquitin ligases (Table 3) and DUBs (Table 4) to facilitate viral intracellular trafficking and release (e.g. HTLV‐1 and HBV), to promote viral replication (e.g. EBV, HPV, KHSV, MCPyV), to alter critical cellular signalling pathways involved in the immune response (e.g. EBV, HPV) or to affect tumour suppressors such as p53 and pRb (EBV, HPV, HCV, KHSV), ultimately promoting malignancy. Here, TP53 is linked to neoplasm.