CCND1 and neoplasm: Depending on the downstream target genes, it executes various biological functions, such as CCND1 and c-myc, which are related to cell proliferation, differentiation, cell cycle regulation, and tumor growth (51, 52, 53); CD44, which plays a crucial role in stem cell maintenance (54); and MMPs, which are closely associated with tumor invasion and metastasis (55, 56).