STAT3 and neoplasm: Such factors include the anatomical origin of adipose tissue (e.g., visceral, subcutaneous, white, brown, or beige fat), the donor’s metabolic status (e.g., obesity or diabetes), the molecular composition of exosomal cargo (including miRNAs, proteins, and lipids), as well as tumor-intrinsic features and the downstream signaling cascades they activate (e.g., PI3K/AKT, STAT3, and Wnt pathways).65,66 Together, these elements shape whether ADEs exert tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressive effects.