This polarization is characterized by the upregulation of CD206 and Arg-1, downregulation of TNF-α and inducible nitric oxide synthase, and a reduction in CD3+/CD8+ T-cell ratio – collectively contributing to an immunosuppressive TME.56 In a subsequent study, these exosomes enhance cancer cell malignancy, including increased migration, proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis resistance, while concurrently suppressing M1 polarization in CD14+ monocytes.57 The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is cancer.