If confirmed, our findings implicate that future trials focused on these outcomes evaluating topiramate versus placebo should be planned before it can be repurposed as a nephroprotective medication, as has been done for SGLT2i and GLP1-RA.28, 29, 30 Interestingly, the incidence of CKD was higher in patients with migraine than in those without migraine in a nationwide population-based cohort study31 but not in all studies.32 Here, GLP1R is linked to migraine disorder.