In this regard, a recent study examining the value of biomarker clusters found that a combination of cardiac-specific proteins (NT-proBNP and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-10) along with non-cardiac proteins (IGFBP7, angiopoietin 2, and growth differentiation factor-15) effectively identified high risk in AF patients21. The gene discussed is GDF15; the disease is atrial fibrillation.