CBX3 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Similar studies have shown that protein lactylation plays a crucial regulatory role in the metabolism of HCC cells; for example, lactylation of adenylate kinase 2 (AK2) at K28 significantly impacts its function and subsequent cancer cell behavior.[34] Moreover, lactylation of chromobox 3 (CBX3) at K10 mediates its interaction with the epigenetic marker H3K9me3 and facilitates gastrointestinal cancer progression.[35] However, the mechanism whereby ACAA2 promotes TNBC progression remains to be disclosed.