TNF and hypertensive disorder: Certainly, ECs play crucial roles in maintaining the organism's homeostasis by modulating cellular physiology, signaling pathways, and responses to various external and internal highly active molecules.[8a] ECs can be activated by various stimuli including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interleukin (IL)‐1β, thrombin, hypoxia (hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)‐1α activation), reactive oxygen species (ROS), mechanical stress (such as hypertension) and shear stress, which then lead to the release of ET‐1.