INS and Insulin resistance: Consistent with the aforementioned findings, alanine, glutamic acid, branched-chain aromatic amino acids (BCAAs), aromatic amino acids (AAs), and α-aminobutyric acid were generally positively correlated with markers of glucose homeostasis, including fasting glucose, HbA1c, fasting insulin, C-peptide, hs-CRP, and HOMA of insulin resistance, whereas glycine, glutamine, asparagine, and taurine had an inverse relationship with these markers.