PLK1 and Familial prostate cancer: PLK1 is overexpressed in various cancers, including prostate cancer, ovarian cancer, small cell lung cancer, and pancreatic cancer (Wang et al., 2022; Zhang et al., 2022a; Zhang et al., 2024; Iliaki et al., 2021), and its expression level is often associated with poor prognosis (Iliaki et al., 2021).