PTK6 and breast cancer: PTK6 has been linked to tumorigenesis by inhibiting autophagy via the mTOR signaling pathway (22).Bioinformatics analyses have identified autophagy-related genes with prognostic significance in cancers such as breast cancer (44), gastric cancer (45), pancreatic cancer (46), and low-grade glioma (47), using databases like TCGA, GTEx, and GEO.