Unlike BECs, CD8+ T cells are in close proximity to the lymphatic vessel system within tumors; thus, PD-L1 in LECs exerts ‘local inhibitory effects’ by binding to CD8+ T cells in adjacent tumor tissue (8, 9, 29), mediating apoptosis of tumor-specific CD8+ TCM cells and promoting to immune evasion (32). Here, CD274 is linked to neoplasm.