Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and downregulate inflammatory mediators such as COX-2, TNF-α, NF-κB, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which attenuates cancer-related inflammatory responses (50, 51). This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and cancer.