While the precise cause of PCOS is not well understood, it is thought to be multifactorial (Melo et al., 2015), with abnormalities in the steroid synthesis pathway commonly implicated, including alterations in the enzyme aromatase responsible for catalyzing the conversion of androgens into estrogens (Ashraf et al., 2019). The gene discussed is CYP19A1; the disease is polycystic ovary syndrome.