PTGS1 and gout: Therefore, this study aimed to determine the pharmacological interaction of the bioactive flavonoid QUER based on the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of COX-1 and COX-2 NSAIDs such as KET, IND, and CEL, respectively, in a gout arthritic pain model and carrageenan-induced edema in rats using the pharmacometric strategy of the surface of synergistic interaction (SSI) and molecular docking analysis of COX-1 and COX-2.