Yamanaka et al. [52] evaluated ERα, ERβ, collagen type I A1 (Col1A1), collagen type III A1 (Col3A1), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in subsynovial connective tissue fibroblasts collected from postmenopausal women with idiopathic CTS. This evidence concerns the gene CCN2 and carpal tunnel syndrome.