The women with PCOS who were TSH-matched with the controls had a similar prevalence of anti-TPO positivity (OR 1.28, 95% CI: [0.86–1.92], p = 0.23) in contrast to the TSH-not matched women (OR 5.27, 95% CI: [3.00–9.27], p < 0.00001). The gene discussed is TPO; the disease is polycystic ovary syndrome.