ATF6 and post-traumatic stress disorder: In the context of PTSD, preclinical studies suggest that ATF6 plays a dual role—on the one hand, it participates in neuron protection mechanisms, while on the other—under conditions of chronic stress—it may promote neurodegenerative processes, impaired neurogenesis, and dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis.