PGF and endothelial dysfunction: The bioavailability of angiogenic factors, including placental growth factor (PlGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), is diminished due to their sequestration by anti-angiogenic factors such as soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) and endoglin (sEng), with sFlt-1 predominance, which causes widespread maternal inflammatory system activation, endothelial dysfunction, and restricted placental vascularization [23,24,25,26,27].