ERVW-1 and schizophrenia: Numerous investigations have demonstrated elevated concentrations of HERV-W RNA and proteins including envelope protein (Env), group-specific antigen (Gag), and polymerase (Pol) in peripheral blood, CSF, and cortical brain tissues of schizophrenia individuals, while being absent or negligible in healthy controls [307,308,309,310,311,312,313,314].