TSPO and schizophrenia: Interestingly, a randomized study with blinded participants and researchers adopting a placebo-based design using elevated doses of valacyclovir (8 g/day) in patients with schizophrenia and active psychosis found significant reductions in microglial activation, as measured by positron emission tomography of translocator protein (TSPO), particularly within the amygdala, hippocampal, and cingulate regions of the brain.