PAFAH1B1 and myelodysplastic syndrome: scRNA-seq studies on MDS patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-generated organoids [4] (Figure 1, see GM06097 and GM09208), along with a conditional knockout (CKO) study utilizing Lis1hc/ko (or −/−) mice (where hc refers to a hypomorphic-conditional allele and ko refers to knockout) and Ndelhc/hc (or −/−) mice [80], have identified cell migration defects caused by loss of PAFAH1B1/LIS1 and YWHAE, as well as other genes involved in cortical developmental malformations: ASPM, CTIP2, NDEL1 or NDEL, PAX6, and SOX2.