Notably, SPP1, which facilitates cancer cell chemoresistance [74] and CAV2, which facilitates cellular invasion and migration while suppressing the expression of tumor-suppressor genes [75], exhibited a consistent negative correlation with the co-expression of PEBP1/STK11 in most cancer types where a statistically significant correlation was observed, suggesting a broader, potentially universal relationship. This evidence concerns the gene CAV2 and neoplasm.