VEGFA and neoplasm: EVs modulate tumor vasculature by delivering pro-angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) [87], and upregulating the expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor FLT1 [81] in endothelial cells, which stimulates angiogenesis, enhances vascular permeability, and facilitates the formation of pre-metastatic niches.