ALB and glioma: Wang et al. developed a DDC/Cu–Fe complex encapsulated within Lf-conjugated albumin hybrid NPs (Alb/Lf NPs) to inhibit the cystine/glutamate antiporter (system Xc−) and deplete GSH, thereby disrupting GPX4 activity, inducing ferroptosis, and activating antitumor immunity, ultimately prolonging survival in glioma-bearing mice [355].