AKT1 and brain neoplasm: Moreover, many brain tumors develop marked radioresistance through molecular and cellular adaptations, including the upregulation of DNA damage response proteins and aberrant activation of pro-survival pathways such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) [3].