Stratified analysis under the definition of UPF1 showed that a significant positive association between diabetes and depression was present only in those with high consumption of UPF (OR: 1.401, 95% CI: 1.107 to 1.774 for high UPF consumption vs. OR: 1.045, 95% CI: 0.844 to 1.294 for low UPF consumption). Here, UPF1 is linked to depressive symptom measurement.