TNF and chronic pancreatitis: After reviewing a total of 50 studies on animal models (33 for acute pancreatitis, 1 for chronic pancreatitis, and 16 for pancreatic cancer), a meta-analysis published in 2025 found that, in acute pancreatitis models, resveratrol showed notable improvements in lung injury (lung histopathology and myeloperoxidase), oxidative biomarkers (malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase), inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and pancreatic myeloperoxidase), and pancreatic histopathology scores and pancreatic function parameters (serum amylase and lipase).