A study evaluating the effects of the intraperitoneal administration of trimetazidine in L-arginine-induced AP in rats (2 doses of 5 mg/kg 30 min and 12 h after induction) found significantly lower serum IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels and, after histopathological examination, significantly lower acinar cell necrosis, hemorrhage, perivascular inflammation, and edema in the treatment group [201]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and alkaline phosphatase measurement.