The focus of health education was asthma education [27], medication storage and handling [31], insulin storage [35], hand rubbing and mask use [32], prevention of influenza-like-illness [33], prevention of respiratory tract infection [36] medical seeking training [34], Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (MERS Cov-2) [39], cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training [40], injury prevention [44] and general or various health education as part of the hajj/umrah pilgrimage [37,38,42,45] based on mass gatherings. Here, INS is linked to Respiratory tract infection.