This study utilized a systematic review to identify four candidate biomarkers (APA, APN, GGT, and NSE) which may be useful in the clinical management of RCC, and subsequently evaluated the immunohistochemical staining patterns of these biomarkers in a diverse cohort of 73 patients managed surgically for ccRCC. The gene discussed is GGT1; the disease is nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.