The CPA4 gene was first cloned in prostate cancer cells by mRNA differential display after treating prostate cancer cells with butyrate, a naturally produced short chain fatty acid by bacterial fiber fermentation within the colon and known to regulate cell growth and differentiation of prostate cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, and hematopoietic cells [7]. The gene discussed is CPA4; the disease is familial pancreatic carcinoma.