Despite the significant interest in ncRNA research in recent years, including the regulatory approval of the ncRNA-based PCA3 assay in early prostate cancer [165], our review suggests that ncRNAs are in fact understudied: only one miRNA, miR-375, was evaluated in more than two papers; moreover, of the four identified articles, three were performed by the same team on patients presenting in the same institution, which potentially limits the generalizability of the results. Here, PCA3 is linked to prostate carcinoma.