SF3B1 and myelodysplastic syndrome: The phase 3 MEDALIST trial, conducted exclusively in patients with MDS with RS ≥ 15% and RS ≥ 5% with an SF3B1 mutation who were RBC-TD and refractory or ineligible to ESAs, showed that 38% of patients on luspatercept achieved RBC-TI for at least 8 weeks over a 24-week period, compared to 13% in the placebo group (p < 0.001) [44].