EVs loaded with CD24 have shown safety and efficacy in mouse models of various lung diseases, including sepsis, allergic asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary fibrosis, and a series of clinical studies have confirmed their safety and efficacy in the treatment of COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)102,103. This evidence concerns the gene CD24 and acute respiratory distress syndrome.