TNF and breast carcinoma: The study uncovered a large number of association signals and candidate susceptibility genes for breast cancer.114 The researchers reported 332 independent association signals for breast cancer risk, with putative target genes enriched in key signaling pathways, including PI3K/AKT, TNF/NF-κB, and p53, which are involved in various cellular processes, such as metabolism, proliferation, apoptosis, tumor suppression, and inflammation.