KL and diabetes mellitus: A recent report using data from 13,746 U.S. adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) confirmed low serum α-Klotho as an independent risk factor for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with hypertension, congestive heart failure, diabetes mellitus, and emphysema, and as an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality in those with renal insufficiency[51].