In the context of advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma, the in vitro mechanism of TNFR2 regulation of PD- L1 was investigated, and results suggested that TNFR2 may regulate the expression of PD-L1 via the p65 nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway [67]. This evidence concerns the gene TNFRSF1B and pancreatic adenocarcinoma.