The results showed that, compared to normal samples, HSPA6 and NOTCH3 were dramatically increased, while GPD1L, PKP2, and SMAD9 were dramatically decreased in tumor samples in both the CRC training dataset (Fig. 4A) and the CRC validation dataset (Fig. 4B) (all P < 0.05). This evidence concerns the gene SMAD9 and colorectal carcinoma.