STAT3 and neoplasm: These include the enhanced phosphorylation of STAT3 (1.2–1.4-fold), which promotes effector T cell differentiation, enhanced phosphorylation of HSP27 (2–2.6-fold), which has an anti-apoptosis function, and reduced phosphorylation of Chk-2 (1.4–2-fold), a tumor suppressor (Fig. 3D).