Bladder cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, melanoma, leukaemia, and glioblastoma currently show the most robust evidence for PON2 as a therapeutic target, given the strong correlation between PON2 activity, cell survival, and chemoresistance, and the clear effects of its knockdown (Zhao et al. 2016; Bacchetti et al. 2017; Campagna et al. 2020; Pan et al. 2021; Hui et al. 2022; Whitt et al. 2023). This evidence concerns the gene PON2 and urinary bladder cancer.