CCL2 and diabetic neuropathy: Biomarkers for diabetic neuropathy are categorized as follows: oxidative biomarkers such as adiponectin, enzymatic biomarkers such as ceruloplasmin, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-α), and inflammatory biomarkers such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) [7].