MTOR and epilepsy: Further, there are well-defined monogenetic variants in genes that code for mTOR pathway proteins that lead to disrupted mTOR signaling and that have been associated with intellectual disability, epilepsy, and autism spectrum disorder (Moloney et al., 2021; Parenti et al., 2020; Reijnders et al., 2017; Vasic et al., 2021; Winden et al., 2018).