Regarding interventional strategies, beyond conventional antibiotics, the study summarizes two novel approaches: the M13@Ag complex—formed through electrostatic assembly of the M13 phage protein capsid and inorganic silver nanoparticles—which specifically eliminates Fn and remodels the tumor immune microenvironment (Dong et al., 2020); and natural product interventions, such as zerumbone (derived from Zingiber zerumbet), which inhibits ETBF-induced intestinal inflammation-associated CRC progression by modulating IL-17, β-catenin, Stat3, and NF-κB pathways (Hwang et al., 2020). The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is colorectal carcinoma.